▼ 112 Educational Firms Face Fiscal Peril
- Category:Other
A significant number of educational corporations are in financial trouble, and more than 20 of them could fold by the end of fiscal 2019 if their situation does not improve, a survey has found.
According to the findings of the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan (PMAC), 112 out of 660 educational corporations operating private universities and junior colleges — or 17 percent — are in financial difficulty. Unless their status changes for the better, 21 could go under by the end of fiscal 2019, the survey found.
As the 18-year-old population will once again decline from 2018 onward, the corporations’ business environment is expected to deteriorate even further.
The Tokyo-based PMAC is a special corporation under the jurisdiction of the Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry that supports the operation of private universities and junior colleges.
Since 2007, and using indicators created by PMAC, each educational corporation has analyzed its finances each year based on data from the past three years.
PMAC itself also assesses the financial standing of educational corporations, but the results had been kept undisclosed due to the possible negative impact on the management of private universities.
In January 2017, The Yomiuri Shimbun requested PMAC disclose the assessment results. Although an initial decision was made to keep them secret, they were ultimately disclosed for the first time in late December after an objection to the decision was approved by the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry’s examination panel.
According to disclosed documents and other materials, PMAC analyzed the income, expenditures and assets of 660 educational corporations that operated 599 universities and 331 junior colleges across the country as of fiscal 2016. PMAC calculated the risk of the corporations going under based on indicators.
The indicators included 1) a negative figure resulting for two years or more over the last three years when personnel and other expenditures are subtracted from tuition and other revenue; 2) borrowings and other liabilities surpassing assets; and 3) how many years after the survey a shortage of funds was expected to occur.
The results showed that 21 corporations, or 3.2 percent, were in the “red zone,” in which they could collapse by the end of fiscal 2019, while 91, or 13.8 percent, were in the “yellow zone,” in which they could go under in fiscal 2020 or later. There are 175 corporations, or 26.5 percent, that were potentially in the yellow zone, meaning there are signs of financial deterioration. Meanwhile, 373 corporations, or 56.5 percent, were categorized as “sound,” meaning there are no problems with their finances.
The names of the corporations were not disclosed.
Compared with the results of fiscal 2015, the number of corporations categorized as sound dropped by 47, while the number of those potentially in the yellow zone increased by 39.
The land and buildings they possess were not taken into account when analyzing the corporations’ finances. PMAC said the survey results are rough estimates, so being at risk of going under does not necessarily mean a corporation will definitely collapse.
However, it added that corporations operating small and midsize universities in local areas, and those operating small universities in urban areas, are facing particularly severe financial conditions.
According to the findings of the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan (PMAC), 112 out of 660 educational corporations operating private universities and junior colleges — or 17 percent — are in financial difficulty. Unless their status changes for the better, 21 could go under by the end of fiscal 2019, the survey found.
As the 18-year-old population will once again decline from 2018 onward, the corporations’ business environment is expected to deteriorate even further.
The Tokyo-based PMAC is a special corporation under the jurisdiction of the Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry that supports the operation of private universities and junior colleges.
Since 2007, and using indicators created by PMAC, each educational corporation has analyzed its finances each year based on data from the past three years.
PMAC itself also assesses the financial standing of educational corporations, but the results had been kept undisclosed due to the possible negative impact on the management of private universities.
In January 2017, The Yomiuri Shimbun requested PMAC disclose the assessment results. Although an initial decision was made to keep them secret, they were ultimately disclosed for the first time in late December after an objection to the decision was approved by the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry’s examination panel.
According to disclosed documents and other materials, PMAC analyzed the income, expenditures and assets of 660 educational corporations that operated 599 universities and 331 junior colleges across the country as of fiscal 2016. PMAC calculated the risk of the corporations going under based on indicators.
The indicators included 1) a negative figure resulting for two years or more over the last three years when personnel and other expenditures are subtracted from tuition and other revenue; 2) borrowings and other liabilities surpassing assets; and 3) how many years after the survey a shortage of funds was expected to occur.
The results showed that 21 corporations, or 3.2 percent, were in the “red zone,” in which they could collapse by the end of fiscal 2019, while 91, or 13.8 percent, were in the “yellow zone,” in which they could go under in fiscal 2020 or later. There are 175 corporations, or 26.5 percent, that were potentially in the yellow zone, meaning there are signs of financial deterioration. Meanwhile, 373 corporations, or 56.5 percent, were categorized as “sound,” meaning there are no problems with their finances.
The names of the corporations were not disclosed.
Compared with the results of fiscal 2015, the number of corporations categorized as sound dropped by 47, while the number of those potentially in the yellow zone increased by 39.
The land and buildings they possess were not taken into account when analyzing the corporations’ finances. PMAC said the survey results are rough estimates, so being at risk of going under does not necessarily mean a corporation will definitely collapse.
However, it added that corporations operating small and midsize universities in local areas, and those operating small universities in urban areas, are facing particularly severe financial conditions.
- January 3, 2018
- Comment (1998)
- Trackback(0)
Comment(s) Write comment
nh2gwqzqptg price viagra <a href="https://berksbooks.com/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=391244">canada pharmacy for viagra</a> genuine viagra [url=https://www.patumplaza.com/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=583566]viagra costs[/url] buy viagra online cheap
drug store <a href="http://www.offersbay.in/user/profile/335119">cialis cheap canada</a> viagra stories [url=https://www.openlearning.com/u/loomisalbrektsen-rgpl5g/blog/FiveFactsAboutPharmacyYouNeedToKnow]buy drugs in canada[/url] how to get viagra
canada rx <a href="https://www.gasandelec.pro/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=77552">online pharmacy cialis</a> canadian pharmacy for viagra [url=http://zsluoping.com/space-uid-393292.html]viagra online canadian pharmacy[/url] viagra sample
drug store <a href="http://www.offersbay.in/user/profile/335119">cialis cheap canada</a> viagra stories [url=https://www.openlearning.com/u/loomisalbrektsen-rgpl5g/blog/FiveFactsAboutPharmacyYouNeedToKnow]buy drugs in canada[/url] how to get viagra
canada rx <a href="https://www.gasandelec.pro/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=77552">online pharmacy cialis</a> canadian pharmacy for viagra [url=http://zsluoping.com/space-uid-393292.html]viagra online canadian pharmacy[/url] viagra sample
-
slnimf6az2j Web Site
- October 1, 2022
rw0godhzk6s alcohol and viagra <a href="http://classificados.webdragon.com.br/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=101285">canadian pharmacy-viagra</a> my canadian pharmacy [url=http://www.clacker.com.au/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=1020568]mexican pharmacy[/url] overseas pharmacy
best online canadian prescription companies <a href="http://wiki.darkusblack.com/index.php?title=User:ElliottFurr913">buy real viagra</a> canadian cialis [url=https://www.authorstream.com/dressbonsai1/]online viagra canada[/url] canada medications
generic brand viagra <a href="https://localads.pk/user/profile/108446">viagra sale online</a> viagra buy online [url=https://dancerswitch8.bravejournal.net/post/2022/08/16/Just-How-to-Buy-Prescription-Drugs-From-a-Canadian-Pharmacy]ordering viagra online without prescription[/url] cheap viagra india
best online canadian prescription companies <a href="http://wiki.darkusblack.com/index.php?title=User:ElliottFurr913">buy real viagra</a> canadian cialis [url=https://www.authorstream.com/dressbonsai1/]online viagra canada[/url] canada medications
generic brand viagra <a href="https://localads.pk/user/profile/108446">viagra sale online</a> viagra buy online [url=https://dancerswitch8.bravejournal.net/post/2022/08/16/Just-How-to-Buy-Prescription-Drugs-From-a-Canadian-Pharmacy]ordering viagra online without prescription[/url] cheap viagra india
-
qox4l10nmnh Web Site
- September 30, 2022
qmbnj4iw2ho buy canadian drugs without prescription <a href="https://cutt.ly/eXhbJSr">cialis from canadian</a> canada pharmacies [url=http://www.pearltrees.com/rabbitrefund4]getcanadiandrugs.com[/url] canada online pharmacy viagra
5mg cialis <a href="https://www.ripop.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=406388">buy cialis from us pharmacy</a> viagra online prescription [url=http://abrek.org/user/sizefelony7/]canadian prescription drugs[/url] viagra for men
viagra without a doctor prescription in canada <a href="https://cinema-pulse.ru/user/springdoll2/">medications in canada</a> online canadian pharmacies [url=https://list.ly/savelev-daniil-2018]online purchase viagra[/url] canadian pharmacy without prescription
5mg cialis <a href="https://www.ripop.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=406388">buy cialis from us pharmacy</a> viagra online prescription [url=http://abrek.org/user/sizefelony7/]canadian prescription drugs[/url] viagra for men
viagra without a doctor prescription in canada <a href="https://cinema-pulse.ru/user/springdoll2/">medications in canada</a> online canadian pharmacies [url=https://list.ly/savelev-daniil-2018]online purchase viagra[/url] canadian pharmacy without prescription
-
lwdtf1mrv58 Web Site
- September 29, 2022
baoyt45wk07 canada prescriptions <a href="https://gpsites.win/story.php?title=how-to-buy-prescription-drugs-from-a-canadian-pharmacy-3#discuss">cialis cheap</a> canadian pharmacy cialis for daily use [url=https://profiteplo.com/user/dahliadoll9/]canadian-pharmacy-online[/url] cheap medications
viagra wiki <a href="https://www.js-pai.com/space-uid-557017.html">ed drugs</a> cialis discount [url=https://springburn1.edublogs.org/2022/08/16/five-facts-about-pharmacy-you-need-to-know/]pharmacy viagra[/url] cheap viagra in canada
generic female viagra <a href="https://www.deepzone.net/home.php?mod=space&uid=373348">meds canada</a> buy brand viagra [url=https://www.hulkshare.com/rabbitbonsai7]over the counter viagra alternative[/url] canadian pharmacy for cialis
viagra wiki <a href="https://www.js-pai.com/space-uid-557017.html">ed drugs</a> cialis discount [url=https://springburn1.edublogs.org/2022/08/16/five-facts-about-pharmacy-you-need-to-know/]pharmacy viagra[/url] cheap viagra in canada
generic female viagra <a href="https://www.deepzone.net/home.php?mod=space&uid=373348">meds canada</a> buy brand viagra [url=https://www.hulkshare.com/rabbitbonsai7]over the counter viagra alternative[/url] canadian pharmacy for cialis
-
usmpycthaie Web Site
- September 29, 2022
xbmffaxg4s0 how long does viagra last <a href="https://is.gd/LvsZwr">cialis canada online pharmacy</a> cialis for sale [url=https://squareblogs.net/sandplough0/five-facts-about-pharmacy-you-need-to-know]online pharmacy without a prescription[/url] generic cialis canada pharmacy online
cheap viagra canadian <a href="https://zalicz.net/user/rangebit1">viagra pharmacy online</a> buy cialis in canada online [url=http://voprosi-otveti.ru/user/puppybonsai7]online medications[/url] metoprolol
cheap viagra without prescription <a href="https://www.ripop.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=406403">viagra stories</a> canada drugs [url=http://tkwlt.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=369809]brand name viagra[/url] generic viagra canada price
cheap viagra canadian <a href="https://zalicz.net/user/rangebit1">viagra pharmacy online</a> buy cialis in canada online [url=http://voprosi-otveti.ru/user/puppybonsai7]online medications[/url] metoprolol
cheap viagra without prescription <a href="https://www.ripop.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=406403">viagra stories</a> canada drugs [url=http://tkwlt.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=369809]brand name viagra[/url] generic viagra canada price
-
rx8ev7wxsgt Web Site
- September 28, 2022
wczkiqsr4cg real viagra online <a href="http://mzctwl.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=655427">walmart rx prices</a> best price for generic cialis [url=http://www.touzichaoshius.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=1036794]getting a prescription online[/url] drugs without prescription
ed meds <a href="https://profiteplo.com/user/dahliadoll9/">viagra</a> does viagra work for women [url=http://sesehu8.cc/home.php?mod=space&uid=49903]viagra directions[/url] buy online viagra
buy generic cialis canadian pharmacy <a href="https://txt.fyi/-/22227/9c01106a/">viagra online canadian pharmacy</a> canadian levitra [url=http://eng.prokatavtomobil.by/user/sinkshake9/]canadian viagra online pharmacy reviews[/url] buy online viagra
ed meds <a href="https://profiteplo.com/user/dahliadoll9/">viagra</a> does viagra work for women [url=http://sesehu8.cc/home.php?mod=space&uid=49903]viagra directions[/url] buy online viagra
buy generic cialis canadian pharmacy <a href="https://txt.fyi/-/22227/9c01106a/">viagra online canadian pharmacy</a> canadian levitra [url=http://eng.prokatavtomobil.by/user/sinkshake9/]canadian viagra online pharmacy reviews[/url] buy online viagra
-
sk0sf74kqst Web Site
- September 28, 2022
pv85msfa3em cialis canada pharmacy online <a href="http://sc.sie.gov.hk/TuniS/canadotcphar.com/">canada online drugstore</a> cost of cialis at walmart [url=https://corhuay.com/webboard/index.php?action=profile;area=forumprofile;u=1169725]canadian pharmacy cialis generic[/url] viagra for women
viagra expiration date <a href="https://www.523mao.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=60332">canadian government approved pharmacies</a> canadian pharmaceuticals [url=https://lookbook.nu/user/10660162-Loomis-Dissing]canada drug stores[/url] hydrocodone
viagra canada online pharmacy <a href="http://www.oicqt.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=328848">buy online viagra</a> cialis usa pharmacy [url=http://exujing.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=168273]canada online drugs[/url] generic viagra 100mg
viagra expiration date <a href="https://www.523mao.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=60332">canadian government approved pharmacies</a> canadian pharmaceuticals [url=https://lookbook.nu/user/10660162-Loomis-Dissing]canada drug stores[/url] hydrocodone
viagra canada online pharmacy <a href="http://www.oicqt.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=328848">buy online viagra</a> cialis usa pharmacy [url=http://exujing.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=168273]canada online drugs[/url] generic viagra 100mg
-
qnmup93ljrx Web Site
- September 28, 2022
ckuqpf7kojr canada drug pharmacy <a href="http://www.alzlt5.com/space-uid-178032.html">viagra women</a> legitimate online pharmacies india [url=https://mengzhibian.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=31007]canada online pharmacy viagra[/url] canadian rx prices
cialis in canada <a href="https://www.indiegogo.com/individuals/30041516/">viagra online uk</a> buy cialis [url=https://txt.fyi/-/22227/f23503ab/]walmart drug prices[/url] cost of viagra in canada
cheapest viagra prices <a href="https://historydb.date/wiki/Exactly_How_to_Buy_Prescription_Drugs_From_a_Canadian_Pharmacy">cialis at canadian pharmacies</a> online cheap viagra [url=http://tupalo.com/en/users/3496575]viagra soft tabs[/url] cheapest price for cialis
cialis in canada <a href="https://www.indiegogo.com/individuals/30041516/">viagra online uk</a> buy cialis [url=https://txt.fyi/-/22227/f23503ab/]walmart drug prices[/url] cost of viagra in canada
cheapest viagra prices <a href="https://historydb.date/wiki/Exactly_How_to_Buy_Prescription_Drugs_From_a_Canadian_Pharmacy">cialis at canadian pharmacies</a> online cheap viagra [url=http://tupalo.com/en/users/3496575]viagra soft tabs[/url] cheapest price for cialis
-
wbjtls0bqcn Web Site
- September 27, 2022
lyhviq4sd6f buy viagra online <a href="https://bbs.now.qq.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=2419779">my canadian pharmacies</a> purchasing viagra from canada [url=https://lovewiki.faith/wiki/How_to_Buy_Prescription_Drugs_From_a_Canadian_Pharmacy]viagra pharmacy online[/url] cialis pharmacy
canadian-drugstore <a href="http://3000et.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=71903">generic cialis canada pharmacy online</a> buy viagra from canada [url=http://demo2-ecomm.in.ua/user/dealdust3/]kamagra gel[/url] do you need a prescription for viagra in canada
canadian cheap viagra <a href="http://6uzy.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=444710">supermarket near me</a> cheap cialis in canada [url=https://phonographic.science/wiki/Five_Facts_About_Pharmacy_You_Need_to_Know]usa pharmacy online[/url] viagra generic canada
canadian-drugstore <a href="http://3000et.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=71903">generic cialis canada pharmacy online</a> buy viagra from canada [url=http://demo2-ecomm.in.ua/user/dealdust3/]kamagra gel[/url] do you need a prescription for viagra in canada
canadian cheap viagra <a href="http://6uzy.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=444710">supermarket near me</a> cheap cialis in canada [url=https://phonographic.science/wiki/Five_Facts_About_Pharmacy_You_Need_to_Know]usa pharmacy online[/url] viagra generic canada
-
xvrtgdilu3r Web Site
- September 27, 2022
qtrhck7alrp viagra free trial <a href="https://lassenmeadows.livejournal.com/profile">pharmacy rx one</a> canadian pharmacy viagra online [url=https://www.mashaleilm.com/user/dangerblouse5]substitute viagra[/url] brand viagra online canada pharmacy
best price cialis <a href="https://www.seriilanci.com/author/parcelchin6">how much does viagra cost</a> viagra free samples [url=https://championsleage.review/wiki/Five_Facts_About_Pharmacy_You_Need_to_Know]buy heroin online[/url] buy cialis from us pharmacy
best online pharmacies <a href="https://justpaste.me/NwO2">cilas</a> viagra online purchase [url=https://www.kickstarter.com/profile/1159270398/about]women and viagra[/url] buy online viagra
best price cialis <a href="https://www.seriilanci.com/author/parcelchin6">how much does viagra cost</a> viagra free samples [url=https://championsleage.review/wiki/Five_Facts_About_Pharmacy_You_Need_to_Know]buy heroin online[/url] buy cialis from us pharmacy
best online pharmacies <a href="https://justpaste.me/NwO2">cilas</a> viagra online purchase [url=https://www.kickstarter.com/profile/1159270398/about]women and viagra[/url] buy online viagra
-
gehsgwxg2cv Web Site
- September 27, 2022
efr5fc1o6w5 order viagra online <a href="https://writeablog.net/dancerdoll1/five-facts-about-pharmacy-you-need-to-know">canadian medications</a> online pharmacy medications [url=https://www.hulkshare.com/sizejaguar4]buy cialis online in canada[/url] viagra online
canada cialis <a href="https://www.best-pathology.com/space-uid-62290.html">generic drugs</a> cialis usa pharmacy [url=https://splice.com/formdust9]herbal viagra[/url] viagra pharmacy online
canada online pharmacy <a href="https://www.folkd.com/submit/http://canadotcphar.com//">best canadian drugstore</a> cost viagra [url=https://myspace.com/sandgemini1]generic viagra 100mg[/url] cialis mexico pharmacy
canada cialis <a href="https://www.best-pathology.com/space-uid-62290.html">generic drugs</a> cialis usa pharmacy [url=https://splice.com/formdust9]herbal viagra[/url] viagra pharmacy online
canada online pharmacy <a href="https://www.folkd.com/submit/http://canadotcphar.com//">best canadian drugstore</a> cost viagra [url=https://myspace.com/sandgemini1]generic viagra 100mg[/url] cialis mexico pharmacy
-
waa2yx9l4o9 Web Site
- September 25, 2022
bhadudzjnah buy viagra no prescription <a href="https://www.tiktoktoutiao.com/space-uid-299209.html">does generic viagra work</a> canadian pharmacies shipping usa [url=https://sixn.net/home.php?mod=space&uid=191694]northwestpharmacy.com canada[/url] buy viagra generic
natural substitute for viagra <a href="http://xn--g1art7a.xn--p1ai/user/dressburn5/">getcanadiandrugs.com</a> side effects viagra [url=http://games-ba.ru/user/oxburn6/]canadian pharmacy cialis[/url] cialis prices
prescription viagra <a href="http://51newyork.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=179957">india pharmacy</a> cialis online canada pharmacy [url=https://www.blurb.com/user/sandtime4]viagra results[/url] drug canada
natural substitute for viagra <a href="http://xn--g1art7a.xn--p1ai/user/dressburn5/">getcanadiandrugs.com</a> side effects viagra [url=http://games-ba.ru/user/oxburn6/]canadian pharmacy cialis[/url] cialis prices
prescription viagra <a href="http://51newyork.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=179957">india pharmacy</a> cialis online canada pharmacy [url=https://www.blurb.com/user/sandtime4]viagra results[/url] drug canada
-
zsu0lhaqoxb Web Site
- September 25, 2022
qm8yqn3nfhh canada viagra <a href="http://idea.informer.com/users/dealstamp5/?what=personal">order cialis online canada</a> discount viagra [url=https://aroundsuannan.ssru.ac.th/index.php?action=profile;area=forumprofile;u=6652485]drugstore of canada[/url] canadian cialis reviews
generic viagra online <a href="http://www.pearltrees.com/rabbitrefund4">brand viagra</a> order cialis [url=https://lexsrv3.nlm.nih.gov/fdse/search/search.pl?match=0&realm=all&terms=http://canadotcphar.com/]real viagra online[/url] buying from viagra canada
canadian levitra <a href="https://www.kickstarter.com/profile/788360242/about">cialis- canadian pharmacy</a> viagra pill [url=https://euroleagues.net/user/oxseed2/]canadian drugstore online[/url] viagra from india
generic viagra online <a href="http://www.pearltrees.com/rabbitrefund4">brand viagra</a> order cialis [url=https://lexsrv3.nlm.nih.gov/fdse/search/search.pl?match=0&realm=all&terms=http://canadotcphar.com/]real viagra online[/url] buying from viagra canada
canadian levitra <a href="https://www.kickstarter.com/profile/788360242/about">cialis- canadian pharmacy</a> viagra pill [url=https://euroleagues.net/user/oxseed2/]canadian drugstore online[/url] viagra from india
-
hv5ab7qy2cd Web Site
- September 25, 2022
ifxjnq3krgy drugs from canada <a href="http://xn--101-8cd4f0b.xn--p1ai/user/goalblue1/">viagra shelf life</a> cialis canadian pharmacy [url=https://www.indiegogo.com/individuals/30041567/]canadian prescription drugstore[/url] price for cialis
cost of cialis at walmart <a href="https://98e.fun/space-uid-3030589.html">online cheap viagra</a> how does viagra work [url=http://926gm.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=433263]canada drug superstore[/url] how much does cialis cost in canada
canadian pharmacy cialis generic <a href="https://bysee3.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=757170">london pharmacy canada</a> buy viagra online [url=https://clashofcryptos.trade/wiki/How_to_Buy_Prescription_Drugs_From_a_Canadian_Pharmacy]international drug mart[/url] cilas
cost of cialis at walmart <a href="https://98e.fun/space-uid-3030589.html">online cheap viagra</a> how does viagra work [url=http://926gm.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=433263]canada drug superstore[/url] how much does cialis cost in canada
canadian pharmacy cialis generic <a href="https://bysee3.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=757170">london pharmacy canada</a> buy viagra online [url=https://clashofcryptos.trade/wiki/How_to_Buy_Prescription_Drugs_From_a_Canadian_Pharmacy]international drug mart[/url] cilas
-
btxdji0ir0i Web Site
- September 25, 2022
getcanadiandrugs .com <a href="https://milclick.com/user/profile/152497">online canadian pharmacy</a> viagra reviews [url=http://www.hebian.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=532656]canadian cialis][/url] cialis generic to canada
daily cialis <a href="https://optimiserenergy.com/forums/users/patriciafriend/">canadian online pharmacy for cialis</a> what is cialis [url=https://www.6isf.com/space-uid-647244.html]is there a generic for cialis?[/url] online pharmacy canada
ukbij24gg6k Web Site- October 1, 2022